CMake Installation Head over to CMake download page and get a binary for your operating system, e.g. Since bar (shared) is linked against foo (static), both of bar and foo must be compiled with position independent code. Basic CMake, part 2: libraries By Martin Hoeovsk Jun 2nd 2018 Tags: CMake, Tutorial, C++. CMake will ensure the generated build files will take multiple library dependencies into account. cmake-shared-lib-tutorial. We add the controlling variable with its default value as an option (not a variable set command): STATIC libraries are archives of object files that are linked directly into other targets. 1. CMake is frequently used in compiling open-source and commercial projects. Building a static library and executable which uses CUDA and C++ with CMake and the Makefile generator. Simple project to demonstrate how to create shared (dynamic) library using C++ & CMake. Follow edited May 23, 2017 at 11:46. You should declare a project. Now, since this is a tutorial, we are going to explicitly require that SqrtLibrary is built statically. If the resulting path is too long (exceeds the value of the CMAKE_OBJECT_PATH_MAX variable), CMake will try to shorten it to the following form: 1. CMake Options Not all of our training course exercises use the RTOS features, so we decided to control inclusion of the middleware using a CMake option. Simple "Hello World" Project API: C++ 11 or newer, CMake 3.5+ Compiler: GCC, Clang or MSVC The solution is simple: When linking a shared library to your C application, you need to inform the GCC toolchain about the library you want to link. While it may look like cl.exe is doing all the work, cl.exe does the compiling and link.exe does the linking. This command creates a new library target built from sources. CMake automatically found and verified the C++ and CUDA compilers and generated a makefile project. 1. really useful.. On Linux run the binary from a terminal. We will use Visual Studio to create a basic library project for Raspberry Pi . Florian Florian. cmake Tutorial => Libraries cmake Build Targets Libraries Example # To create an build target that creates an library, use the add_library command: add_library (my_lib lib.cpp) The CMake variable BUILD_SHARED_LIBS controls whenever to build an static ( OFF) or an shared ( ON) library, using for example cmake .. -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON. This tutorial explains a relatively simple solution using CMake - the de-facto standard build tool - and git - the de-facto source code version control system. It is a little more complicated today. > mkdir build > cd build > cmake .. > cmake --build . W orking with build systems is not the easiest task in the Software Engineering's world, this is especially true for C++ developers where there's not a "standard" of to use this or that. Situation: We have a complex code base with lots of smallish libraries generated by CMake. answered Dec 13, 2015 at 19:38. For single-config generators switching the configuration requires re-running CMake. This tutorial will guide you through the process of creating and developing a simple CMake project. This feature allows us group a bunch of object files and pass them as src to add_library or add_executable. Aside from just going to the library folder and running CMake from there, you can actually do it from the project root - by setting --target option on build: $ rm -r ./* && cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .. $ cmake --build . 1 The VERSION is a special keyword for this function. TLDR: See this GitHub repo with the full code . Exercise 1 - Creating a Library To add a library in CMake, use the add_library () command and specify which source files should make up the library. Rather than placing all of the source files in one directory, we can organize our project with one or more subdirectories. So, in MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt we need to create a SqrtLibrary that will conditionally be built and installed when USE_MYMATH is enabled. This tutorial shows how to export a CMake library to a package and import it from a different project using the find_package() command. nmake -f myfile option. For all the compile options we can use cl and for all the linker options we can use link. An object library compiles source files but does not archive or link their object files into a library. The CMake documentation is quite comprehensive but not suitable for a beginner. We define a custom command to create the zip file: it needs to invoke cmake -E tar to create an archive. You can subscribe or request information by contacting us. command is an abstraction for the necessary build/make call. The CMake Tutorial is now available as the CMake Tutorial Guide in the official documentation. But things are changing and efforts towards the development . The source code of the sample project used below is available on GitHub. full CMake playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlKcXPUJGwA&list=PLalVdRk2RC6o5GHu618ARWh0VO0bFlif4repo: https://github.com/codetechandtutorials/OurLord. But since foo is a static object, even though it could guess it needs to be PIC 1, it does not enable PIC by default for foo. It has a dependency on the list of package files, so that CMake knows it needs to rebuild the zip archive when those files change. Building complex projects is where CMake really shines CMake is a cross-platform Makefile generator! ). {cc,h} is an internal library that used by src/main.cc.. We will start from the basic on how to build the project using c++(1) only and a simple Makefile.Then we define the build in CMakeLists.txt and using cmake(1) to generate complex Makefile for us. Why. On a Debian or Ubuntu based distribution, you can install all these packages with the following commands: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install cmake sudo apt-get install build-essential gdb sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev An example of how to apply some of the so called "Modern CMake" to build a simple project composed by an executable that uses a library. My previous post about CMake provided a simple CMakeLists.txt for a small, self-contained, project. In this video we build a basic library with CMake.Here is a link to the source code.https://github.com/YansonTech/Introduction-to-libraries-with-CMake This tutorial shows you how to develop a basic shared library in the C programming language and how to generate its build environment with CMake. add_library (<name> OBJECT [<source>.]) Let's mention a bit of CMake syntax. 1: the find_library () command The idea here is to instruct CMake to search the system for the required library and then link it to the executable if found. When trying to learn CMake I could not find any good introduction. The main thing it's missing is handling dependencies. --target SomeLibrary Scanning dependencies of target SomeLibrary [ 50%] Building CXX object libraries/SomeLibrary . 37.5k 8 8 gold badges 124 124 silver badges 147 147 bronze badges. In this case, we will create a subdirectory specifically for our library. CMake utilizes build-systems such as Ninja, Linux make, Visual Studio, and Xcode. We can specify a file using the . The end result is that MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt should look like: MathFunctions/CMakeLists.txt However, we only want to ship a single library. <build directory>\CMakeFiles\<target name>\<unique hash>\<source file name>.o. With STATIC, SHARED, and MODULE you can specify what kind of library to build. However, we also want to provide a public library for 3rd parties to use. CMake Tutorial A Basic Starting Point (Step 1) Adding a Version Number and Configured Header File Specify the C++ Standard Build and Test Adding a Library (Step 2) Adding Usage Requirements for Library (Step 3) Installing and Testing (Step 4) Install Rules Testing Support Adding System Introspection (Step 5) Specify Compile Definition This nmake section assumes that we have Visual C++ 2008.. Kitware also provides online and onsite CMake trainings. Community Bot. Windows, Linux, or Mac OS X. To compile this code, you must have g++, CMake, and libusb-1.0-dev installed on the machine. These are called interface libraries in CMake and you would write: add_library(some_header_only_lib INTERFACE) Notice you didn't need to add any source files. On Linux, you can also install the packages from the distribution's package manager. When we run nmake, it looks for makefile in the current directory. We'll also cover the installation of the resulting shared library on the end-user's Linux system. Code looks somewhat like this: /basic/libA/CMakeLists.txt add_library(A OBJECT) target_include_directories(A include/) target_sources(A PRIVATE src/a.cpp) /basic/libB/CMakeLists.txt add_library(B OBJECT) target_include_directories(B include/) And then in your CMake script code you have: set (CMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET hidden) set (CMAKE_VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN 1) This will ensure that your shared library will contain only the MY_LIB_API symbols. Command Line (Out-of-Source, recommended) To keep your source code clean from any build artifacts you should do "out-of-source" builds. CMake/Tutorials/Object Library; Share. Yes it is. ; test: Directory for test. cmake says it is mandatory and it will define convenient variables PROJECT_NAME, PROJECT_VERSION and PROJECT_DESCRIPTION (this latter variable necessitate cmake 3.9): project (mylib VERSION 1.0.1 DESCRIPTION "mylib description") Declare a new library target. This also means that you won't have any problems with visible symbols from any open source libraries that you linked statically. CMake knows bar is a shared library, and enables position independent code by default. The second situation is if you have a pre-built library that you want to use. Firstly, the first parameter to add_library is the name of the library. CMake Tutorial Introduction A Basic Starting Point (Step 1) Adding a Version Number and Configured Header File Specify the C++ Standard Build and Test Adding a Library (Step 2) Adding Usage Requirements for Library (Step 3) Installing and Testing (Step 4) Install Rules Testing Support Adding System Introspection (Step 5) If you are using the Sysprogs CMake fork with this patch, it can shorten the long file paths even further to the . Where the library name is the name of the shared library, minus the first lib part and minus the .so file extension. It can do much more than that too (e.g., build MS Visual Studio solutions), but in this discussion I focus on the auto-generation of Makefiles for C/C++ projects. Simply put, CMake automatically generates the Makefiles for your project. Object library is a very useful feature which is introduced in cmake 2.8.8. As you may have noticed this command is very similar to add_executable . Introduction to the basics Minimum Version. Creates an Object Library. Basic CMake project. If the target you're building is a library, CMake will build a static one by default. Now you can set INTERFACE properties on this only (since there is no built component). CMake is a cross-platform software for building projects written in C, C++, Fortran, CUDA and so on. Figure 1 shows the output. The command name cmake_minimum_required is case insensitive, so the common practice is to use lower case. The install rules are fairly straight forward. 1.cmake configuration 2. What follows is a brief overview of the commands available in CMake for dependency management, pretending that our project depends on SDL (a cross-platform development library). This always needs to include the root CMakeLists.txt and the include and source files of the library. cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.1) . There are some useful tutorials linked on the CMake Wiki but most of them only cover very specific problems or are too basic. In this article we're going to design a CMake build and find_package script that enables library users to easily choose and switch between the two library types. This works faster as referencing the library project's directory using the add_subdirectory() command, as the exporting mechanism allows precisely selecting which targets to export. You do this with linker flag: -l<library name>. The code in this library is implemented using many of our internal libraries. 1 1 1 silver badge. In practice, very few projects are fully self-contained, as they either depend on external libraries or are themselves libraries that other projects depend on. This is partly for convenience, and partly . It compiles projects with compilers like GCC, Clang, Intel, MS Visual C++. To build a shared library, set BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON like this: cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON <source-dir> Some generators (Visual Studio and XCode) support building multiple configurations of your projects in one build directory. Build / compile [Extension] compile dynamic library (1) Modify cmakelists txt (2) Configure and build [Extension] compile object library (1) Modify cmakelists txt (2) Build and compile (3) Modify library name Last Introductory article There is only one file. A CMake script should avoid setting the CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE itself, as it's generally considered the users responsibility to do so. This can be any valid CMake name, and the filename for the compiled library will be that value in your build directory. ; src/main.cc is our main executable and src/math. The cmake --build . On Windows double click the binary to install. This also serves as a basic project template for a modern CMake library build. This is provided from CMake to the source code through the TutorialConfig.h.in configured file by adding the following line to it: #cmakedefine USE_MYMATH Installing and Testing (Step 3) For the next step we will add install rules and testing support to our project. So I wrote this short CMake introduction as a distilled version of what I found out after working through the docs and . Step by step, we will learn the basics of CMake as a build system, along with the CLion settings and actions for CMake projects. Directory structure: src: Directory for source code. Please avoid the use of file (GLOB . A subsequent build is likely to overwrite object files produced by the earlier configuration. It doesn't require any external tools, works on all platforms and is relatively easy to setup and flexible for the user. For internal use, we can just link against these libraries. Benefits: Avoids unnecessary static library creation No need for linking hack for circular static library dependency Here's the first line of every CMakeLists.txt, which is the required name of the file CMake looks for:. Sometimes you can forget something, if it wasn't used long time (or never on practice). # CMake instructions to make the static lib ADD_LIBRARY ( MyStaticLib STATIC Structure.c ) # CMake instructions to test using the static lib SET ( APP_EXE StaticTest ) ADD_EXECUTABLE ( $ {APP_EXE} Main.c ) TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES ( $ {APP_EXE} MyStaticLib ) And then here is the output from running it: the Main library depends on libA which in turn depends on libB (both built as OBJECT libraries). 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